The Case of Citizen Qalbidhagax Exposed the True Nature and Character of Farmaajo’s Council of Ministers

Hassan Keynan


Two years ago, the Federal Government of Somalia (FGS) kidnapped citizen Qalbidhagax from a hotel and handed him over to the TPLF thugs in an egregious extraordinary rendition that infuriated all decent and patriotic Somalis.

On 6 September 2017 members of President Farmaajo’s Council of Ministers were herded into an urgent meeting by the Prime Minister and in a matter of hours charged citizen Qalbidhagax with fabricated crimes, stripped him of his nationality, robbed him of his dignity and humanity, and violated his God-given inalienable rights and freedoms. The Council of Ministers comprises a large number of people with immense variations in background, age, education, profession, and outlook. Most of them are diaspora Somalis with dual citizenship. 
Yet, almost all of them had no qualms associating themselves with the ugliest crime perpetrated against an innocent citizen in the history of Somali state and government. The Constitution and the law of the land did not restrain them. Their duties and responsibilities as senior ministers did not prompt them to exercise caution and discretion.  Nationalist principles and patriotic sentiments did not inspire them to spare the life of a patriotic citizen who scarified a lot for the defense of the motherland. Customary laws and kinship did not cause them to reflect and reconsider. Islamic ethos and fear of God did not inspire any sympathy in them for a fellow Muslim who had been humiliated and betrayed. And finally, the overarching and universally shared values of humanity did not moderate their mean and inherently malign considerations. Members of the Council of Ministers kidnapped citizen Qalbidhagax. They convicted him. They surrendered him to the executioner. Only one Minister objected. Two remained silent.
The tragic spectacle of the then Minister of Information reading out, loudly and awkwardly, the murderous lies and slander authored by the shameful Ministers had become woven into the national narrative.
In November 2017 the Federal Parliament passed a resolution declaring that the arrest and secret rendition of Citizen Qalbidhagax was illegal and unlawful, and a blatant violation of the laws of the country and the Constitution.
Today, 28 August 2019, marks the second anniversary of Citizen Qalbidhagax’s rendition to the TPLF murderers. Questions still remain as to what had prompted President Farmaajo, Prime Minister Khaire and the entire Council of Ministers to commit such egregious crime. What has President Farmaajo gained from it? Has he learned anything from it? Why hasn’t he apologized to date? One thing is for sure. The case of Citizen Qalbidhagax has sealed the fate of President Farmaajo’s Administration, and that of his legacy.
keynanhassan@yahoo.com
/by

Garbaduubkii Muwaadin Qalbidhagax: Laba Sano ayaa ka soo wareegay, welina Garsoor ma helin lagamana Garaabin

Maanta, 28 Agoosto 2019, waa sanadguuradii 2aad ee Garbaduubkii Muwadin Qalbidhagax. Laakiin dhacdadaa naadirka ahayd saskii laga qaaday iyo mahadhooyinkay reebtay weli way ku taagan yihiin dadka Soomaaliyeed. Qisada Qalbidhagax waxay noqotay mid ka gudawayn kana shishaysa duruufaha iyo waayaha hal muwaaddin. Waxay u xuubsiibatay qaddiyad ummadeed oo ku guntan dareenka, quluubta iyo waayaha danwadaagta qaranka Soomaaliyeed. Sidaa darted waa lagama marmaan in la xuso wixii dhacay laba sano ka hor, la is xusuusiyo in qisada muwaadin Qalbidhagax ay tahay sheeko qaran oo guri walba iyo gole walba khusaysa, la is kana waraysto su’aalaha weli ka oogan.

Garbaduubkii iyo dhiibistii muwaadin Qalbidhagax

Madaxwayne Farmaajo, RW Kheyre, ku-xigeenkiisa ayaa 23kii Agoosto 2017 amray gawracato iyaga u adeega inay soo garbaduubaan muwadin Qalbidhagax isagoo ku sugan hoteel uu ka dagganaa magaalada Gaalkacyo. Dayuurad khaas ah ayaa Muqdisho lagu keenya saddex maalmood ka dib, isagoo jeebaysan oo macawis iyo garan qaba. 28dii Agoosto ayaa godkii lagu hayay oo madaxtooyada ku garab yaalla laga soo saaray. ‘War ninka indhaha ka xira, war ninka indhaha ka xira,’ ayuu amar ku bixiyay taliyihii hawsha maamualayay. Isagoo indhaha ka xidhan ayaa garoonaka caalamiga ah ee Adan Cadde la geeyay waxaan loo gacan galiyay ciidamo Itoobiyaan oo markiiba u duuliyay Baydhaba dabeedna Godey, Dire Dawa, Debra Zeit, ugu dambayna Addis Ababa.

Gawricii iyo nolol xabaalkii muwaadin Qalbidhagax

Hadday 28kii Agoosto ahayd maalin daran oo ay ummadda Soomaaliyeed sas ba’an ka qaadeen, 6dii Siteember ayaa noqotay maalin ka sii daran. Waa maalintii Golaha Wasiirrada shir aan caadi ahayn oo degdega loogu yeedhay ayna soo sareen go’aannadii beenta iyo dhagarta badnaa ee ay sida fudud oo durdurada ah ugu nolol xabaaleen muwaadinkii toban maalmood ka hor u garbaduubeen Itoobiya. Saacad gudaheed ayay muwaadin Qalbidhagax uga xayuubiyay astaamaha, xuquuqaha iyo hiddaha saldhigga u ah jiritaanka iyo karaamada waddaniga: isir, xorriyo, qaran, magac, amni, caddaalad. Tirada intaa le’eg miisaankaana leh ayaan u kala hadhin waxna aan iska waydiin jariimadan. Dastuurka iyo shurrucda dalka iyo dawladda ma xakamayn waxay ku faleen muwaadinka. Xilka iyo waajibaadka wasiir walba saaran kuma tixgalin. Masiir qarannimo uguma gurman. Isir iyo magac Soomaaliyeed uguma hiilin. Xeer iyo tolnimo ugama xishoon. Islaannimo iyo Alla ka cabsi ugama dhawrsan. Dareen baniiaadamna uguma damqan. Iyagaa soo xidhay, iyagaa  maxkamadeeyay, iyagaana daldalaad ku riday. Hal wasiirad, Dr. Maryan Qasim, ayaa ka hortimid aadna uga gilgilatay garbaduubkii muwaadin Qalbidhagax. Labana wasiirna way ka aamuseen.

Kacdoonkii ka dhashay garbaduubkii muwaadin Qalbidhagax

28 kii Agoosto iyo 6dii Siteembar 2017 waxay ahaayeen kuwo taariikhda qaranka Soomaaliyeed ugu xusan maalmo madaw, maalmo ceebeed. Ummaddii Soomaaliyeed waxaa ku dhacay sas, argaggax iyo jahawareer. Waxaa ku habsaday masiibo ku noqotay filan waa, qaadan waa. Xeer iyo xudduud kasta oo lagu asturnaa waa lakala tuuray. Xadgudubka baaxadda leh in lagula kaco qof muwaadin ah, Caasimaddii qarankana laga abaabulo lagana fuliyo, xukuumad Soomaaliyeedna ay horseed ka tahay waxay noqotay dhacdo dhabannohays iyo mahadho ku reebtay Soomaalida. Arrintan waxay damaqday dareenka, xasaasiyaadka, iyo hiddaha walaaleeyay oo mideeyay isirka Soomaalida, kana dhigay danwadaag iyo qaran leh magac, dano, saado, iyo masiir aan kala go’in, kala qaybsamin, kalana maarmin. Boqollaal kun oo dalka iyo dunida dacalladeed kala jooga ayaa mar qudha ka kacay kana gilgishay, cod dheer iyo ficilba, gabboodfalka iyo ihaanooyinka ay xukuumd Soomaaliyeed kula kacday muwaadin Soomaaliyeed. Malaayin ayaa dareenkooda ku muujiyay xamaasad iyo taageero niyadda ah. Bannaan baxyo, doodo, shirar, maqaallo, waraysiyo, muxaadarooyin, iyo farriimo iyo xogo goos goos ah oo qabsaday mareegaha internetka iyo baraha bulshada ayaa si isdaba jooga oo qiiro leh u dhacay. Malaayiin Soomaali ah aan hore u maqal magaca muwaadin Qalbidhagax ayaa isku bartay kuna baraarugay qaddiyadda Qalbidhagax. Qaddiyadda muwaadin Qalbidhagax waxay kicisay mowjado iyo shucuur wadaninimo iyo dareen qarannim oo aan dhawaan lagu arag waayaha Soomaaliyeed. Xukuumadda Madaxwayne Farmaajona waxay ku wayday kalsoonidii iyo taageeradii shacabka.

Go’aammadii iyo jawaabihii Xukuumadda Madaxwayne Farmaajo

Dhaqanka iyo dabeecadaha lagu bartay Madxwayne Farmaajo iyo xukuumaddisu waxay ku salaysan yihiin ismoogaysiin, aamusnaan, been, dafiraad, raadgadsho, dabamaryayn, sir, dhagar, musuqmaasuq, hawgallo qarsoodi ah, abaabul iyo maalgalin kooxo dacaayad iyo barabagaan afuufa, isla wayni, awood sheegasho, iyo xadgudubyo ka dhan ah dastuurka iyo shuruucda dalka. Xukuumadda Farmaajo Garbaduubka muwaadin Qalbidahagax waxay u abaabushay una fulisay si qarsoodi. Markii la waydiiyay way dafirtay. Markay odayaal iyo waxgarad Soomaaliyeed u tageen Farmaajo kana codsadeen inaan Muwaadin Qalbidhagax loo dhiibin Itoobiya, wuu meermeeriyay ugu dambayntiina been ayuu u sheegay. Markay Itoobiyay qarxisay sirtoodi, Farmaajo iyo Khaire waxay maleegeen shirqookii 6dii Siteembar. Dembi ay galeen koox yar ayaa loo rogay mu’aamaro iyo dakane ay ka dambeeyeen xubnaha golaha wasiirrada dhammaantood. Dadaalladii baarlamaanka waxay xukuumaddu ku bixisay kharash badan si ay u kala daadiso, iyadoo adeegsanaysa xubno kamida baarlamaanka oo ay gacan saar hoose leeyihiin.
Go’aannaddi taariikhiga ahaa ee barlamaanka Farmaajo iyo Khaire waxay la wajaheen cadho, kibir iyo isla wayni. Waxaa la aaminsan yahay dagaalkii lagu qaaday Guddoomiye Jawaari lagagana takhalusay inay abaabushay xukuumadda oo weli ka cadhaysan go’aankii baarlamaanku ka gaadhay kiiskii muwaadin Qalabidhagax. Kacdoonkii iyo gilgilashadii bulshada Soomaaliyeed dhagaha ayay ka furaysteen, isla markaana waxay hoosta ka abaabuleen kooxo kira ah oo faafiya been iyo dacaayado rakhiis ah. Markii Qalbidhagax la soo daayay oo uu xorriyaddiisi dib u helyay 28 kii Juun 2018, waxaa magaca xukuumadda Soomaaliya ku hadlay safiirka Itoobiya u fadhiya Muqdisho, isagoo sheegay in dawladda Soomaaliya ay kala hadashay Itoobiya siidaynta Qalbidhagax.

Su’aalaha Weli Taagan

Hase yeeshee Madaxwayne Farmaajo iyo xukuumaddiisa weli lagama hayo waxay ka mudnaayeen iyo jawaabihii ay ka sugayeen ummaadda Soomaaliyeed. Maxaa ku kallifay inay muwaaddin Soomaaliyeed gabboodfalka iyo ihaanada intaa le’eg kula kacaan? Maxay xukuumaddu ugu hoggaansami la’dahay dastuurka iyo shuruucda dalka? Maxay u dhayalsanaysaa dhawaaqa iyo dareenka waadaniyiinta? Maxay xukuumaddu uga garaabi la’dahay haddii uu gef dhacay?  Madaxwayne Farmaajo ha xusuusnaado inaanay dhacayn in la illoobo qaddiyadan. Waxaa looga fadhiyaa inuu shacabkiisa hor yimaaddo oo uu ka garaabo wixii dhacay. Taasaa ku filan dadka intiisa badan. Weli waqti ayuu haystaa.
/by

UN Track-record in Somalia: A legacy of missed opportunities and malign incompetence

Prof. Hassan Keynan
Prompted into existence by the carnage of World War Two, the United Nations System has been informed by lofty ideals, beautiful mandates, and noble missions aimed at promoting international peace and security. Over the past seven decades its size, mandate and operations have been considerably expanded. Peace-keeping, sustainable development, and climate change have become some of the key priorities highlighted and underscored in the UN’s current programs and funds.
Predictably, noble ideals and enlightened visions have remained what they have always been, glorious abstractions. The task of transforming beautiful mandates into concrete results has proven much harder. There have been areas in which the UN has done commendable job. But overall the performance of the UN has fallen short of expectations. There are many reasons for this, including a number of structural flaws deeply rooted in the design and business model of the UN as well as a culture of opportunism, arrogance, and impunity displayed by some of the top leadership and senior management of the Organization. These deficiencies have been cynically exploited to build and sustain lucrative careers for a small, well-connected international expatriate class.
However, for the hundreds of millions of people and myriad nations whose peace and futures have been rudely and recklessly wrecked, the mercurial behavior and duplicitous actions of the self-serving lords of misery have been calamitous. Evidence of the litany of missed opportunities, costly blunders, catastrophic failures, criminal negligence, and ruinous legacies left behind by UN or UN-led missions across the globe can be seen in great, and at times graphic, details in countries like Bosnia, Rwanda, Cambodia, East Timor, Haiti, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of Congo, and ,of course, Somalia. In Bosnia and Rwanda, the dangerous dispositions of top UN leaders and associated partners had contributed to the genocides that were perpetrated in the two countries, i.e. the slaughter of 8000 young boys and men in Bosnia and about a million overwhelmingly Tutsi civilians. The level of obfuscation, indecision, and tragic errors of judgement displayed by the top UN leadership in Rwanda had become a dark stain on its integrity and reputation.

Failed UN Missions in Somalia: Highlights

The UN’s association with Somalia is one unequaled and probably unsurpassed in its longevity, malign incompetence, utter wastefulness, corrosive corruption, stubborn and self-serving persistence in wrong-doing, and near total impunity. It is a well-known and well-documented fact that the UN’s fiasco in Somalia in the early 1990s had been a key and heavily consequential factor in the catastrophic role it had played in the Rwandan genocide. Below are highlights of some of the UN’s myriad and inherently flawed interventions in Somalia.
1945 – 1954 Following the defeat of Fascist Italy, the geopolitical equation in the Horn of Africa was thrown into confusion with Eritrea, Italian Somaliland and the Ogaden being up for grabs, and the situation in British Somaliland and Ethiopia facing an uncertain future. The fate of the Horn countries was placed in the hands of the victorious powers – the US, what was the Soviet Union France and the Britain – and the then infant United Nations. The UN messed up the process of managing the disposal former Italian colonies of Eritrea and Southern Somalia. The protracted conflicts that have blighted and bankrupted the countries of the region for nearly half a century can be largely attributed to the manner in which the future of former Italian colonies had been handled. And a big junk of the blame could be directed, quite rightly, at the UN.
The Trusteeship period (1950-1960): Between 1950 and 1960 Italian Somaliland was placed under a UN trusteeship regime with Italy as administering authority, a process in which the US was heavily involved. The fate of Somalia even featured in the 1948 US presidential election, mainly because one of the candidates supported Italy’s campaign to return to Somalia to woo the Italian vote. The experiment, which was essentially an international project in nation-building, turned out to be an ill-conceived and costly experiment. The UN Trusteeship Administration even failed to perform one of its basic duties: demarcation of the borders of Italian Somalia, especially the long border between Southern Somalia and Ethiopia. This border still remains a provisional and heavily contested one, and has been a principal source of conflict between Ethiopia and Somalia. The UN also bungled the process that led to the unification of the British Protectorate of Somaliland and the Trusteeship Territory (former Italian Somaliland) it presided over. This dereliction of duty on the part of the UN in the late 1950s, the disintegration and eventual collapse of Somali state in 1991, and the subsequent re-emergence of Somaliland as an independent state are inseparably linked.
UNOSOM I & II (1992-1993): The United Nations Operation in Somalia (UNOSOM I & II) was initially envisaged and deployed as a mission of peace and mercy, with abundant goodwill and a groundswell of support from the international community led by the sole global super power.  But it soon metamorphosed into something bigger and more sinister, leading to a precipitous change of mandate under Chapter VII of the UN Charter. Within a matter of two years, things fell apart. The international consensus and cooperation that established and sustained UNOSOM collapsed. During the following decades, Somalia had plunged into a suspended dystopian state, earning it the notorious but well-deserved reputation of being the first and most enduring failed state.
UNSOM (2013-present): The UN returned to Somalia in 2013 under the United Nations Assistance Mission in Somalia (UNSOM). This time around it has come back with a pang, a bigger profile, and a bolder mandate. UNSOM coincided with the birth of the first internationally recognized Somali Government in over two decades, a new and potentially hopeful development brokered and backed by the US and UK. The mandate of UNSOM encompasses a wide and immensely diverse range of functions, including “provision of policy advice on peace-building and state-building, development of a federal system, constitutional review, democratization, and coordination of international donor support.” To implement this mandate, the UN appointed high-profile, career diplomats (British 2, South African 1, American 1) to serve as Special Representatives of the Secretary-General for Somalia (SRSG) and Heads of UNSOM, and deployed 22 UN agencies. More importantly, UNSOM together with its partner, AMISOM, received and consumed billions of dollars.
However, after six years and nearly over ten billion dollars, UNSOM has gone the way of its predecessors: making huge promises, consuming billions of dollars, and delivering little. Peace-building and state-building efforts stagnated and, in some places, regressed. The Provisional Constitution seems to be frozen, even fossilized, in a permanent state of incompletion, although millions of dollars have been mobilized and spent to fix it. The development of the federal system has hit a snag, mainly because the Mogadishu-based Federal Government has been vehemently opposed to it, and has done everything in its power to undermine the federalist project. And UNSOM whose mandate includes support for the implementation of the federal system seems unable or unwilling to commit itself to fulfilling one of the strategic goals of its mission and work plan in Somalia. The long-standing issue of Somalilandremains unresolved, even seemingly unresolvable. Puntland seems to be dancing on the horns of a terrible dilemma: to be or not to be part of Somalia. Southwest’s prospect for consolidating its credentials as a fully developed federal member state has been arrogantly and violently shattered by Mogadishu. And when the SRSG, Mr. Nicholas Haysom, tried to intervene and hold Mogadishu accountable, he was threatened and declared persona non grata. Concerned for the safety of his representative, the UN Secretary-General was forced to take Mr. Haysom back. HirShabelle has been reduced to a vassal entity perpetually beholden to and at the mercy of its tormentors in Villa Somalia. The State of Galmudug has been subjected to a protracted and nasty campaign of destabilization and perversion, causing the infant and fragile regional government to disintegrate and ultimately collapse. Presently, Galmudug is without a leader, without a parliament, without a government, and without peace.

 Wrecking the Peace and Stability in Jubbaland

The UN seems to be on course to preside over its latest and arguably most reckless act of incompetence yet in its long and tortuous tenure in Somalia: wrecking the hard-won peace and stability of the last standing federal member state, Jubbaland, and in the process contributing to the dismantling of the constitutionally mandated federal system of government. And the current SRSG, Mr. James Swan, stands accused of actively assisting Villa Somalia’s brazen attempts to meddle in the parliamentary and presidential elections in Jubbaland. Villa Somalia’s intention is clear: to reduce Jubbaland to the messy state of affairs currently prevailing in Southwest and Galmudug, the former a vassal state the latter a hollowed headless, rudderless and conflict-ridden administration.
What is not clear is what has prompted Mr. Swan to allow himself to be caught up in the serious and potentially calamitous developments currently unfolding in Jubbaland. James Swan, was appointed on 30 May 2019. He has been in office for less than three months. He is a highly experienced diplomat with a long international career, including a number of postings in Africa. Between 2006 and 2008 he worked in the US Government as Deputy Assistant Secretary of State for Africa. So, what has gone wrong? Is there substance into the serious offences he stands accused of?
To be fair to the new SRSG, the tensions between the Federal Government and Federal Member States (FMS) have existed long before Mr. Swan began his work in Somalia. However, there are credible indications that the newly installed SRSG, has jumped into the complex and messy Somali political landscape with little preparation and plenty of arrogance and self-serving opportunism. And in the case of Jubbaland, Mr. Swan has displayed a great deal of ignorance and incompetence laced with a heavy and intoxicating dose of duplicity and hypocrisy. The following points explain why the Special Representative of the Secretary-General for Somalia, Mr. James Swan, has indeed committed the serious offences he stands accused of.
1.    Failure to uphold the cardinal principles of neutrality and consensus that define and underpin the UN. The series of letters Mr. Swan wrote, in quick and hasty succession, to the Jubbaland Independent Boundaries and Electoral Commission (JIBEC) in mid-August bear testimony to Mr. Swan’s provocative and undiplomatic transgressions. His letter of 17 August 2019 was particularly over the top and uncalled for. He blatantly misrepresented and distorted the facts and events pertaining to the elections underway in Jubbaland. What is more, Mr. Swan issued what appeared to be an imperial directive threatening that the international community would not recognize the outcome of the elections in Jubbaland. JIBEC’s Chairman acted more maturely and more constructively, and was absolutely right in demanding, in his letter of 18 August, that Mr. Swan apologize to the people of Jubbaland. Mr. Swan’s letter was drafted and dispatched, with astonishing haste, on Saturday and under dubious circumstances. He has not consulted all relevant stakeholders on whose behalf he claimed to speak. This has prompted the Government of Kenya, a key AMISOM stakeholder, to strongly object to the contents of Mr. Swan’s 17 August letter, and to demand its immediate withdrawal.
2.  Preoccupation with the fate of his predecessor, Mr. Nicholas Haysom, who was declared persona non grata and expelled from the country by President Farmaajo. Mr. Haysom’s sin was that he called for accountability following Villa Somalia’s unconstitutional and violent intervention in the elections in the Southwest. Mr. Swan seems to have put his career before principle and duty. Fear of being expelled seems to paralyze him and condition his actions and behavior.
3.    Collusion with Villa Somalia’s deeply partisan and immensely destabilizing stance as well as the hidden agenda harbored by certain regional actors with vested strategic interests in Somalia. Mr. Swan has allegedly become a partisan ally of President Farmaajo and his backers.
4.  Failure to fully understand the history, geography, and demography of Jubbaland. Jubbaland has a lot in common with other Federal Member States. At the same time, it has specific particularities that are peculiar to it.
5.    Failure to appropriately supervise and monitor the role and activities of UN agencies in Somalia. There are reports of some UN projects and programs being used as a political weapon by the Federal Government to put pressure on and marginalize Federal Member States seen or labelled as enemies of Villa Somalia. In the case of Jubbaland there is evidence of such practice involving specific UN agencies and their Federal counterparts. Incompetence and the scourge of corruption are also evident in the work of many UN agencies in Somalia.
6.    Failure to assess and report the sinister role played by Qatar and its corrosive and destructive impact on peace-building and state-building efforts underway in Somalia under the leadership of UNSOM.
7.  Failure to adequately understand and properly assess the complex and messy geopolitical equation in the Horn of Africa, specially the perennial Somali conundrum that lies at the heart of the region. Mr. Swan came to Somalia awfully under-prepared.
8.    Failure to understand and learn lessons from the missed opportunities and malign incompetence that characterized almost all previous UN interventions in Somalia during the past seven decades.
In his capacity as the SRSG and Head of UNSOM, Mr. James Swan wields a great deal of power and influence.  He also has the authority to exercise them in the service of peace and meaningful reconciliation in Somalia in accordance with the UN principles and the terms of his employment. Unfortunately, Mr. Swan seems to have acted and behaved in a manner that violates the UN’s fundamental principles and established protocols. His letters to the JIBEC contained exaggerated accounts combined with unsubstantiated allegations and blatant misrepresentations that have become a propaganda and recruiting bonanza for the purveyors of conflict and extremism and their associated networks of dissolution, including Al-Shabab. And the ugly demons unleashed by Mr. Swan are already at work, wrecking the fragile and hard-won peace and stability in Jubbaland. He has betrayed the UN, the international community, and, most importantly, the vulnerable and traumatized people of Somalia. He ought to be personally held accountable for the consequences of his actions and transgressions.
Prof. Hassan Keynan is a retired senior UN official who worked in South Asia, Africa and Europe

keynanhassan@yahoo.com

/1 Comment/by

THE MOST AGGRESSIVE AND DESTRUCTIVE CLAN IN THE SOMALI REGIONAL STATE (SRS)

Hassan Keynan

Stories of inter- and intra-clan clashes abound in the SRS. The dispute is over territory and land. And often the dispute quickly metamorphoses into a bloody conflict, resulting in deaths and serious injuries. And the SRS’s security forces are routinely called to intervene and sort out the bloody mess.

However, there is one specific clan which is taking over the whole region. It is the largest, most powerful and deadliest expansionist force in the SRS. The name of this clan is GARANWAA in Somali, which roughly means UNKNOWN.

GRANWAA is aggressive, invasive, insidious, intrusive and inherently brutal. This colonial monster does not respect boundaries, regulations, environmental ethos, and customary traditions. It does not care about laws of war and Geneva Convention. It does not take prisoners. It extensively uses torture and enhanced and extreme interrogation and occupation techniques.

No clan dares challenge the Garanwaa aggressor. And the Government is till figuring out the origins and genealogy of this alien clan. Powerful clans who decimate each other over a piece of barren territory seem impotent to raise a finger against the  new colonial master who is threatening their land, lives and livelihoods with total impunity.

Tol la’y. War nimanka duullaanka ah ee tuutaha cagaaran xidhan iska dhiciya.

hassankeynan@yahoo.com

/by

Mutually Assured Delusion (MAD): A Cynical Ploy Employed by the Somali Political Elite

Hassan Keynan

For nearly thirty years, Somalia has existed in a suspended dystopian space outside the state-based system that defines and governs existing global order, earning it the notorious but well-deserved reputation of being the first and most enduring failed state. The reasons for this calamitous state of affairs are multiple, complex, and immensely variegated. However, none has probably been more potent and more consequential than what can be described as Mutually Assured Delusion (MAD). Simply stated, MAD refers to a deliberate and inherently duplicitous strategy to base all political negotiations and power-sharing formulas on clan affiliation and at the same time vehemently deny and denounce even the mere mentioning of clan identity in national politics. Everyone does it. Everyone knows it.  Yet all deny its existence and efficacy. Hence the phrase Mutually Assured Delusion (MAD).

MAD is madness in the form of a cynical strategy invented and effectively deployed by the Somali political elite to confuse and mislead both Somalis and foreigners alike about the truth of what has being going on in Somalia. All previous Somali governments had used it. MAD had been elevated to a bizarre spectacle during the military regime when effigies of the monster clan were burned or buried in well-choreographed public events. However, it has reached its ugliest summit in post-1991 Somalia, especially following the catastrophic Arta Conference in 2000 and the adoption of the notorious 4.5 formula as an official mechanism for power sharing among Somali clan families. Under Farmaajo and Khaire, MAD has evolved into a lethal national affliction. Detailed, open, honest and rational discussion and objective analysis of sensitive intra- and inter-clan rivalries, conflicts, and grievances is discouraged even suppressed, preferring a bizarre hush-hush approach that can be described as mutually assured national exercise in self-delusion.

Many, perhaps most, of the greatest and gravest challenges that have blighted Somalia from the 1990s to this very moment can be primarily attributed to this insidious and inherently malign element in post-1991 Somali politics. In fact, the MAD arguably constitutes the principal reason decades of massive involvement and colossal investment by the international community have not yet led to genuine national reconciliation and inclusive governance framework in Somalia or demonstrable improvements in the state of peace and security in the country. Yet, this core and heavily consequential factor has rarely received the attention, serious and robust analysis, and optimum consideration and care commensurate with its weight and impact. There has instead been a tendency to ensure that the issue remains barely acknowledged, deliberately avoided, expediently glossed over, conveniently ignored, or simply swept under the carpet.

 Foreigners have been equally active and complicit in this elaborate deception, although their reasons and motivations have not always been identical with those of their Somali counter parts. The international community has been reluctant to say much about MAD for two main reasons.  The first is to show solidarity with the duplicitous stance adopted by the powerful Mogadishu-based political and business elite. The second is that the dominant regional and international actors have found this murky and messy state of affairs exceptionally useful and expedient. The result has been the proliferation and perpetuation of half-truths, ridiculous oversimplifications and omissions, deliberate distortions, and outright falsehoods about the tumultuous events unfolding in Somalia for the past three decades. This sinister scheme has made informed and accurate understanding of the crisis in Somalia immensely difficult, and, more importantly, undermined and at times torpedoed efforts aimed at restoring lasting peace and political stability in the country.

keynanhassan@yahoo.com

/by